A few things you might be wondering.

Most adults need around 7–9 hours. The range is a guide; sleep quality and how you feel during the day matter as well.

Brief waking can be normal. If you regularly struggle to return to sleep or feel affected during the day, discuss it with a GP. Stress, pain, medicines and your surroundings can all play a part.

Older adults generally need a similar amount to younger adults. Sleep can become lighter and happen earlier; ongoing poor sleep should not be dismissed as inevitable.

Extra sleep can help you feel better after short nights, but regularly cutting sleep and catching up is not a dependable long-term strategy. Try to give yourself enough opportunity to sleep consistently.

Speak to a GP if there are breathing pauses, gasping or choking during sleep, or you always feel very tired in the day. These can be signs of sleep apnoea. Snoring alone does not prove you have it.

It can feel relaxing, but light and stimulating content may keep you awake. You could try a quieter wind-down, such as reading or listening to calm music, and see what suits you.

Yes. Sleep supports learning, attention and memory. Poor sleep can make it harder to concentrate or remember, although many other things can also cause these difficulties.

Talk to a GP if your sleeping difficulties have lasted for months, or they affect daily life and make it hard to cope. Seek advice about breathing pauses, gasping or persistent daytime sleepiness without waiting months. Do not drive when sleepy.